Introduction Demographics Causes Clinical features Differential diagnoses Diagnosis Treatment
Elastosis refers to abnormal or increased deposition of elastin fibres within the dermis.
Linear focal elastosis is an uncommon form of dermal elastosis that resembles stretch marks.
There are few case reports of linear focal elastosis partly because it can be mistaken for more common stretch marks. The true prevalence of focal elastosis is unknown [1].
More cases of linear focal elastosis have been reported in males than in females. The average age range of onset is adolescence and ranges between 7 and 89 years [1,2]. There is no racial or ethnic predilection [3]. Strong hereditary factors have not been identified [1].
The pathogenesis of linear focal elastosis is uncertain.
Linear focal elastosis and striae distensae may co-exist in the same distribution in affected individuals [3]. Linear focal elastosis may represent excessive regeneration of damaged elastic fibres as part of the repair process of striae distensae [6]. However, the clinical and histopathological appearances of linear focal elastosis and striae distensae differ.
No clear trigger factor has been identified for linear elastosis although blunt trauma, pregnancy, weight loss, or rapid growth may be involved [1].
Linear focal elastosis presents as yellow, palpable lines extending horizontally over the lower back. There are also reports of linear focal elastosis on the trunk, lower limbs and face [4,5].
Linear focal elastosis is usually asymptomatic and is diagnosed incidentally. It is not known to be associated with systemic illness.
The main differential diagnosis for linear focal elastosis is striae distensae. However, striae are usually red or white and are depressed on palpation.
Linear focal elastosis is diagnosed clinically by its appearance, distribution, and skin biopsy.
Histology demonstrates increased elastic fibres within the mid dermis. The fibres present as elongated material separating the dermal collagen. Elastic tissue stain can be useful to appreciate the elastin excess. Early lesions may paradoxically show elastolysis (destruction of elastin fibres) [1].
No effective treatment for linear focal elastosis has been described. Topical steroid and topical retinoid have shown no benefit [1].
