Cutaneous larva migrans pathology

Introduction

Cutaneous larva migrans is a parasitic skin infection caused by helminth larvae that usually infest cats, dogs and other animals. Humans can be infected with the larvae by walking barefoot on sandy beaches or contacting moist soft soil that have been contaminated with animal faeces. It is also known as creeping eruption, as once infected, the larvae migrate under the skin's surface and cause itchy red lines or tracks.

Histology of cutaneous larva migrans

In larva migrans, histopathologic examination shows curvilinear eosinophilic larvae within the epidermis (figures 1,2, arrow). The larvae may be seen in the superficial epidermis (as in this case illustrated) or deeper in the superficial dermis. There may be an inflammatory reaction rich in eosinophils.

Figure 1 

Figure 2 

Special studies for cutaneous larva migrans

None are generally needed. Consultation with colleagues in microbiology can be helpful in unusual cases.

Differential diagnosis for cutaneous larva migrans

Infestation with scabies, superficial fungal infections and deeper infestations can usually be readily distinguished on clinical grounds.